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A drill is used to drill holes into a variety of materials
such as: wood, plastic, and metal. Some drills are connected to a wall socket
and powered through an electric supply, while others are powered through rechargeable
batteries. Cordless drills are those not connected to any power cord and offer the
user more freedom of mobility. These drills are used in places where there is
no power source in the vicinity of the work area, or it is too far to be
reached. Cordless tools are rendered completely portable which allows them to
be used outdoors as well. These tools are used by skilled workers, such as
carpenters, masons, plumbers, and electricians, as well as do-it-yourselfers.
The cordless drill may also have a clutch setting to drive in screws. The
cordless drill/driver has the capacity to increase a worker’s efficiency by
speeding and automating the process of drilling or driving, saving time as well
as energy.
Features and working of a cordless drill / driver
The cordless drill consists of a detachable drill bit that is fixed to the
front end of the drill with a chuck. When the drill trigger is pressed, this
drill bit begins rotating at high velocities. On being pressed against the
point on the material at which the hole is to be drilled, this rotating
appendage initiates a shearing and grinding action, slicing away miniscule
granules from the material, resulting in a hole being bored. When a screwdriver
bit is inserted in the chuck, this tool serves as a driver to drive screws into
the material.
The drill is made of a sturdy, reinforced metal material to increase
durability. The ergonomically designed handle of the drill coupled with the
angle between the direction of the drill bit and the handle enhances the
comfort factor for the user. If the handle has a rubberized coating, the
comfort Level is increased even further. There may also be a side handle to
provide a more stable grip to the device. Some cordless drills incorporate a
precision balancing feature, dual ball bearings, and a field magnet, increasing
efficiency. A Shift Lock drive facility enables the user to shift between the
‘drill’ and the ‘drive’ mode with ease, as well as lock out the clutch to
permit sharper performance. Even after prolonged use, a planetary gear
reduction feature eases the pressure on the bearings and the gears, to ensure a
long life for the tool.
Some drills incorporate a ratcheting chuck to ensure that the bit is held
tight in the grip. Sometimes, the bit holder may be magnetic. The user has the
option to control the speed of the drill with the throttle provided for the
same. Accuracy is further enhanced with the use of a large spindle bearing, for
a perfectly centralized drilling performance. The tool can be easily serviced
due to the fact that the brushes can be accessed from outside. Some tools have
a uni-body power train that aligns the clutch, gearbox, and motor, to increase
the drive train efficiency. A steel-reinforced collar shields the chuck from
external impacts.
Most cordless drills consume around 18 volts, to generate a no-load
performance of around 0-400/0-1,500 revolutions per minutes (rpm) and a torque
of approximately 550 inch Lbs. The power is commonly provided by 2.4 to 4 A-h
NiMH batteries. A battery charger is normally shipped with the device.
What to look for in a cordless drill / driver
All the controls in the device should be easily accessible while the tool is
being used. Since the device is used both for drilling as well as driving,
there should be a speed-range switch with a higher range being used for
drilling and a lower range being used for driving. A forward/reverse switch is
another user-friendly feature. Even though a higher voltage would mean better
performance, the weight of the tool may increase as the voltage capacity goes
up. A keyless chuck enables the user to change drilling and screwdriver bits at
ease without any key. The clutch can be manipulated to ensure the screws are
driven to the required depth. As with any device that has so many moving parts,
the noise Levels will naturally be high. A noise reducing feature built into
the tool would be an advantage, benefiting the operators’ ears during prolonged
use. Some popular manufacturers of cordless drills/drivers include Bosch,
Dewalt, McCulloch, Milwaukee,
and Porter Cable.
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