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A mortiser is a tool used to make Square or rectangular holes in materials such as wood. This tool increases efficiency by automating a task that would otherwise require a drill and a chisel, if done manually. The most common application of the mortiser is in the Mortise and tenon joint. In this joint, the mortiser scoops out a four-sided hole called a mortise in one piece of wood, into which another piece of wood is inserted; the joining part, called the tenon, being narrowed down to the required dimensions. This joint is very resilient and is used in cabinet and furniture making. Mortises for box locks which require high accuracy can also be cut quickly with a mortiser. A mortiser is used by carpenters, masons, and other building contractors. It is also a handy tool to have at home. Some other tasks that can be performed with a mortiser include cutting, crushing, and drilling.
Features and working of a mortiser / Line borer The basic functioning of a mortiser is similar to a drill press. However, instead of a normal drill bit, the hollow and square chisels are normally inserted into the holder provided with a drill bit affixed within the chisel. The hole is bored into the material through the rotational motion of the drill bit. The chisel mounted slightly higher than the drill bit, chips off a square hole around the circular drilled hole. The movement of the drill bit and the chisel is powered by an approximately 10 amp motor, generating an output speed of around 23,000 revolutions per minute (rpm). A variable speed feature offers the user the right to adjust the speed of the tool depending on the application. An inline depth stop feature enables the user to control the depth up to which the drill bit will bore into the material. To eliminate the possibility of slippage when detaching the chisel from the workpiece, a double lock system is incorporated in the stock that provides a locking facility both at the side and at the top. For accurately holding the workpiece in place, a rack and pinion mounted Fence is provided with a cam lock through which the user can quickly lock the fence into the desired angular position. Lock nuts in the lock ensure that the fence stays in position even after repeated uses. Conveniently placed hand wheels allow easy repositioning of the table. The body of the tool has a cast iron construction for added sturdiness. Cutting accuracy is enhanced with a precision-machined column and table. The tool is capable of cutting mortises around 7 inches long, 1-1/4 inch wide, and 4-3/4 inch deep. Line borers usually have a wider table for boring into larger sheets. Some borers have telescopic handles that can be retracted when not in use. A pneumatic line boring facility enables automatic performance, increasing user comfort and productivity. In exceptionally long workpieces, indexing pins maintain the correct spindle alignment for restarting line boring tasks after a pause. A steel stand with predrilled holes helps in quickly starting the line boring task. Work stops on either side of the fence, allowing the user to easily line up the work either any direction. What to look for in a mortiser / Line borer Some mortises have a facility to automatically center the cutter to the door edge when creating mortises on doors. To ease multiple mortise cuts, an adjustable height rod is shipped with most of these tools. Added stability and control are provided with a reversible handle that can be moved in either direction. During tool setup, the task of accurately determining the space between the bit and the chisel is hastened with two spacers. If the workpiece happens to be angular, it is preferable for the table to have a swiveling vice clamp. Better efficiency is rendered with a six position feed lever enabling quick adjustments. Easy maintenance and servicing, as well as a longer life, is ensured by having the tool head affixed on adjustable jibs. A gas-filled shock absorber ensures smoother operation. Often the tool incorporates an enclosed steel cabinet offering large storage space for chisels and other implements. Some reputed manufacturers of mortisers / line borers include Amana, Delta, Grip, Jet, Makita, Milwaukee, Oldham, Porter Cable, Powermatic, and TD Industrial.
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